Era and Timeline of Chinese History (������v�ӫҦ~���褸��Ӫ�) ==================================================================== Version 1.2g, Compiled by Seke Wei on 2001.2.8. 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 b1 b2 b3 b4 b5 b6 .*..*..*..*..*..*..*..*..*..*..*..*..*..*..*..*..*..*..*..*..*..*..*..*..*..*.. <+ ���� (Republic, 1912-) +---�M---+ (Qing/Ch'ing, 1616-1911) +---��---+ (Ming, 1368-1644) +��+ (Yuan, 1207-1367) +��+ (Jin/Chin/Juchen, 1115-1234) +-��L+ (Western Xia/Hsia, 1032-1227) +-��--+ (Liao, 907-1125) +--��---+ (Song/Sung, 960-1279) ++���N�Q�� (Five Dynasties/Ten Kingdoms,902-979) +---��---+ (Tang/T'ang, 618-907) (Sui, 581-618) ++�� (Southern/Northern Dynasties,386-589) +-----+�n�_�� (Sixteen Kingdoms, 304-439) +----+���J�Q���� (Jin/Chin, 265-420) +-��-+ (Three Kingdoms, 220-280) ++�T�� (Han, bc206-220) +---�~------+ (Qin/Ch'in, bc248-bc207) ++�� (Zhou/Chou, bc1121-bc249) +-----�P----> .*..*..*..*..*..*..*..*..*..*..*..*..*..*..*..*..*..*..*..*..*..*..*..*..*..*.. 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 b1 b2 b3 b4 b5 b6 bc600,000 fossilized skull unearthed in Shanxi Province in 1963 bc400,000 Sinanthropus pekinensis, known as Peking Man unearthed in 1923 at Zhoukoudianzhen (�P�f��) near Peking bc50,000-bc35,000 artifacts of a late Old Stone Age man unearthed in the upper caves of Zhoukoudianzhen bc4,000-bc3,000 villages found in the area of the great bend of the Huang He (���e) on the North China Plain bc3,000-bc2,000 pots found in Yangshao (����) village in Northwestern China and in Lungshan (�s�s) in Northeastern China in Shandong Province Huangdi-Xuanyuan ���Ұa�դ� (bc2697?-bc2599?,�p99�~) Shaohan-Jintian �֩����Ѥ� (bc2598?-bc2515?,�p84�~) Zhuanxu-Gaoyang �F�z������ (bc2514?-bc2437?,�p78�~) Diku-Gaoxin ���A������ (bc2436?-bc2367?,�p70�~) Dizhi-Gaoxin �Ҽ������� (bc2366?-bc2358?,�p9�~) Tangyao ��� (bc2357?-bc2258?,�p100�~) Yushun ���� (bc2257?-bc2208?,�p50�~) Xia (Hsia) �L (bc2207?-bc1766?,�p442�~) �� Yu (45? years in reign) �� Qi (10?) �ӱd Taikang (29?) ��d Zhongkang (13?) �� Xiang (28?) �ֱd Shaokang (21?) �V Zhu (17?) �i Huai (26?) �~ Mang (18?) �n Xie (16?) ���� Bujiang (59?) �� Jiong (21?) � Jin (21?) �ե� Kongjia (31?) �o Hao (11?) �o Fa (11?) ��(�i��) Jie (Lu:kui) (52?) Shang �� (bc1765?-bc1122?,�p644�~) �� Tang (29? years in reign) �~�� Waibing (2?) ��� Zhongren (4?) �ӥ� Taijia (33?) �U�B Woding (29?) �ө� Taigeng (25?) �p�� Xiaojia (36?) �l�v Yongji (12?) �ӥ� Taiwu (75?) ��B Zhongding (11?) �~�� Wairen (15?) �eܳ�� Hedanjia (9?) ���A Zuyi (19?) ���� Zuxin (16?) �U�� Wojia (20?) ���B Zuding (32?) �n�� Nangeng (29?) ���� Yangjia (7?) �L�� Pangeng (28?) �p�� Xiaoxin (21?) �p�A Xiaoyi (21?) �Z�B Wuding (59?) ���� Zugeng (7?) ���� Zujia (33?) �o�� Linxin (6?) ���B Gengding (6?) �Z�A Wuyi (4?) �ӤB Taiding (3?) �ҤA Diyi (37?) ��(�Ҩ�) Zhou (Dixin) (33?) Zhou (Chou) �P (bc1121?-bc249,�p873�~) bc200 bc300 bc400 bc500 bc600 bc700 bc800 bc900 bc100 bc1100 bc1200 .....*......*......*......*......*......*......*......*......*......*......* <-----+ �~ (Han, bc206-220) +-+ �� (Qin/Ch'in, bc248-bc207) +----�F�P��----+ (Warring States, bc475-bc221) +-----�F�P�K��-------+ (Spring and Autumn ,bc770-bc476) (Western Zhou/Chou, bc1121?-bc771) +---------��P-----------+ (Shang, bc1765?-bc1122?) +--��--> .....*......*......*......*......*......*......*......*......*......*......* bc200 bc300 bc400 bc500 bc600 bc700 bc800 bc900 bc100 bc1100 bc1200 Western Zhou/Chou ���P (bc1121?-bc771,�p351�~) �褸 �g�� �Ƶ� ---- ---- ----- bc1134? �Z��(�V�o)�Y�� bc1121? �ӷ� bc1120? �ʧ�(�V����)��|�Ӭ۩P,�O�W�P�� bc1115? ����(�V�w) �P��ť�F bc1114? �P���F�� bc1110? �P����§�@�� bc1109? �P���٬F�� bc1078? �d��(�V�x) bc1077 �Ҥl�~ bc1052? �L��(�V��) bc1017 �Ҥl�~ bc1001? �p��(�V��) bc957 �Ҥl�~ bc950? ������{�ȥ��� bc950? (Shakyamuni,bc1029?-bc950?,bc469?-bc390?)�u bc946? �@��(�V�߱�) bc934? �t��(�V[��-�A+��]) bc909? ����(�V�@��) bc897 �Ҥl�~ bc894? �i��(�V[������/��]) bc878? �F��(�V�J,-bc828) bc841? [�v�O]�~���ۥ��~�_ bc837 �Ҥl�~ bc827? �Ť�(�V�R) bc781? �դ�(�V�c�I) bc779? �Ǥ���d bc777 �Ҥl�~ bc771 ��P���� Eastern/Later Zhou/Chou �F�P (bc770-bc221,�p522�~) Spring and Autumn Period/CunChiou/Ch'un-ch'iu �K�� (bc770-bc476) �褸 �g�� �Ƶ� ---- ---- ----- bc770 ����(�V�y��,-bc720)�Y�� bc770 �U�ѫJ�߰� bc767 �G���~ bc722 �|�������~,[�K��]�O���ۥ��~�_ bc719 �٤�(�V�L,-bc697) bc717 �Ҥl�~ bc696 ����(�V��,-bc682) bc685 ���κޥ�(-bc645) bc681 ����(�V�J��,-bc677) bc679 ���٤�(�p��,-bc643)���Q bc676 �f��(�V�,-bc652) bc661 �ʷ��Q,�N bc657 �Ҥl�~ bc655 ���m��(-bc651)���Ӥl�ӥ�(-bc655),���l����(-bc628)�k�f bc655 �ʷ��~,�� bc651 ����(�V�G,-bc619) bc636 ���էY�쬰�ʤ夽(-bc628) bc632 ���䤧��,�ʲv�Ѱ�ѷ�,�ʺ��Q bc623 ������ bc618 ����(�V�Ц�,-bc613) bc612 �J��(�V�Z,-bc607) bc606 �w��(�V��,-bc586) bc597 �Ҥl�~ bc585 ²��(�V�i,-bc571) bc571 �F��(�V�n��,-bc545) bc557 �����ܦi bc551 �դl(Confucius, bc551-bc479)�ϥ� bc544 ����(�V�Q,-bc520) bc537 �Ҥl�~ bc536 �G�_�ۤl��ű����k�� bc520 ����(�V�r,-bc520) bc519 �q��(�V[�y-�f+�`],-bc477) bc515 �d����[�Y�� bc512 �]�Z(Sun Tzu, bc535-)�����[ bc512 �d���} bc505 �V�I�d bc505 ���l(bc505-bc436)�� bc500 ���ˤl(-bc500)�u bc494 �d���Үt(-bc473)��|�]�ѶV���Ľ� bc483 �l��(bc483?-bc402?)��,�ۦ�[���e] bc483 �C�^(bc514?-bc483?)�u bc481 �դl(�եC,bc551-bc479)[�K��]���� bc480 ���l(���C,bc480?-bc390?)�� bc480 �l��(���,bc542-bc480)�Q�� bc477 �Ҥl�~ bc476 �K��(bc770-bc476)���� Warring States Period (ZhanGuo, Chan-kuo) �F�P�� (bc475-bc221) �褸 �g�� �Ƶ� ---- ---- ----- bc475 ����(�V��,-bc469)�Y�� bc473 �V���Ľ��d���Үt(-bc473),�V���d bc468 �s�w��(�V��,-bc441) bc447 ������ bc445 ������ bc441 �s��(�V�h�e,-bc441) bc441 ���(�V��,-bc441) bc440 �Ҥ�(�V�R,-bc426) bc431 ������ bc425 �¯P��(�V��,-bc402) bc417 �Ҥl�~ bc403 [��v�qŲ]�s�~�v�ۥ��~�}�l bc403 ��,�Q,���T�a���� bc401 �w��(�Vź,-bc376) bc380 �f�I(Hui Shih, bc380-)�� bc375 �P��(�V��,-bc369) bc375 �����G bc372 �s�l(Mencius, bc372-bc289)�� bc369 ���l(Chuang-tzu, bc369-bc286)�� bc368 ���(�V��,-bc321) bc361 ���ΰӻ�(-bc338) bc357 �Ҥl bc328 ���αi��(-bc309) bc320 �V谤�(�V�w,-bc315) bc316 ������ bc314 �i��(�V��,-bc256) bc300 ���l(Hsun-tzu, bc300-bc230)�� bc299 ���Ωs���g bc297 �Ҥl�~ bc289 �}��(bc343?-bc289?)���Sù�� bc279 �г�_�� bc260 ��������,���հ_(-bc257)�}�� bc256 ���ѩP,�P�m�E�� bc255 �f�� bc221 ��(bc475-bc221)����,�F�P���� Qin/Ch'in �� (bc248-bc207,�p42�~) bc200 bc300 bc400 bc500 bc600 bc700 bc800 bc900 bc100 bc1100 bc1200 .....*......*......*......*......*......*......*......*......*......*......* <-----+ �~ (Han, bc206-220) +-+ �� (Qin/Ch'in, bc248-bc207) +----�F�P��----+ (Warring States, bc475-bc221) +-----�F�P�K��-------+ (Spring and Autumn ,bc770-bc476) (Western Zhou/Chou, bc1121?-bc771) +---------��P-----------+ .....*......*......*......*......*......*......*......*......*......*......* bc200 bc300 bc400 bc500 bc600 bc700 bc800 bc900 bc100 bc1100 bc1200 �褸 �ӫ� �Ƶ� ---- ---- ----- bc249 ������(�l��,-bc247)�Y�� bc249 �����| bc246 �l�ӫ�(�ƬF,Shih-huang-ti,bc259-bc210) bc240 ���Q�l(bc305?-bc240)�u bc238 ���K�ӧg(-bc238)�u bc237 �Ҥl�~ bc235 �f����(-bc235)�۱� bc233 ���D(-bc233)�۱� bc230 ���� bc228 ���� bc227 ��a(-bc227)�믳��(bc259-bc210) bc225 ���Q bc225 �S��(-bc225?)�Q�� bc223 ���� bc222 ���P bc221 ����,�ѤU�Τ@;�]�p��,�������L��,�w���� bc220 �_��;�v���D��ѤU bc219 ���s���I;���}�֪F���D�P�� bc218 �F��,�D�i�}(-bc186)�ϤHŧ��ծ��F bc214 �X��(-bc210)�ѦI��;�v�z�s�س� bc214 �W�v����(Great Wall),��_�{��,�F����F bc213 ����(bc280?-bc208)��ij�I�ѥO bc212 �v���Юc;���J��,�c���հS,�|��460�h�H bc210 �n��,��F�C�c�f�u bc209 �G�@(�J��,-bc207) bc209 ����(-bc208),�d�s(-208)�ð_ bc207 �T�@(�l��,-bc206) bc207 ����(-bc207)�Q�� bc207 ��(bc248-bc207)�` Han �~ (bc206-220,�p426�~) 300 200 100 0 bc100 bc200 bc300 .........*..........*..........*.........*.........*.........*.........*....... <----��------+ (Jin, Chin, 265-420) +-�T��-+ (Three Kingdoms, 220-280) +------�F�~----------+ (Eastern Han, 25-220) ++ �s�� (Xin/Hsin, 9-25) (Western Han, bc206-8) +--------��~---------+ (Qin/Ch'in, bc248-bc207) +---+ �� (Zhou/Chou, Bc1121-bc249) +----�P------> .........*..........*..........*.........*.........*.........*.........*....... 300 200 100 0 bc100 bc200 bc300 Western Han ���~ (bc206-8,�p215�~) �褸 �~�� �ӫ� �Ƶ� ---- ---- ---- ----- bc206 ����(�B��,bc256-bc195)�Y�� bc206 �E�����b bc202 ����(bc232-bc202)�Q���ۺ� bc197 ���H(-bc197)�Q�� bc196 �^�V(-bc196)�Q�� bc195 �f��(�B��,bc210-bc188) bc195 �f�ӦZ(-bc180)�M�F bc195 ����(-bc195)�Q�� bc193 ����(-bc193)�u bc189 ���D(-bc189)�u bc188 �֫Ү�(�B��,-bc184) bc184 �֫ҥ�(�B�q,��W�B��) bc180 ���(�B��,bc202-bc157) bc180 ���(bc200-bc168)����dzդh bc178 ����(-bc178)�u bc177 �Ҥl�~ bc157 ����(�B��,-bc141) bc154 �d���C�ꤧ�� bc141 �Z��(�B��, bc156-bc87/86) bc141 �~���ϥζ}�l bc140 �ؤ� bc139 �i��(-bc114)�q���(bc139-bc132) bc134 ���� bc129 �ëC(-bc108)��I�� bc128 ���� bc122 ���� bc119 �N�h�f(bc140-bc117)���I�����s�s bc119 ���s(-bc119)�۱� bc117 �Ҥl�~ bc117 �q���ۦp(bc179-bc117)�u bc116 ���� bc110 ���� bc105 �Q�]���D���Q�]������ bc104 �Ӫ� bc104 �����(bc176?-bc104?)�u bc100 �Ѻ~ bc99 ����(-bc74)���I�� bc98 �q���E(Ssu-ma Ch'ien, bc145-bc85)���c�D bc97 [�v�O]�ݥ@ bc96 �өl bc93 �F���(bc154-bc93)�u bc92 ���M bc88 �ᤸ bc88 ���s�Q(-bc88)�Q�� bc87 �L��(�B����,bc94-bc74) bc87 �N��(-68)��F�l bc86 �l�� bc81 Ĭ�Z(bc140?-bc60)�k�~ bc80 ���� bc80 �ᥰ��(-bc8)�Q�� bc74 ���� �ū�(�B��,-bc49/48) bc73 ���l bc69 �a�` bc65 ���d bc61 ���� bc59 �G�N(-bc49)�ʭ����,�t���Ѱ�ƸU�H�X��I����v�� bc57 �Ҥl�~ bc57 ���� bc53 ���S bc49 ���s ����(�B�],bc75-bc33/32) bc49 ���ӦZ(bc71-bc13)�~���դO�x�Y bc48 �줸 bc43 �å� bc38 �جL bc33 ���� ����(�B�},bc51-bc7) bc33 ���L�g(���R)���I�����I������_ bc32 �ةl bc28 �e�� bc24 ���� bc20 �E�� bc16 �él bc12 ���� bc8 �k�M bc7 �s��(�B�Y,-bc1) bc6 �إ� ����ЭC�q���(Jesus Christ, bc6-30)�ϥ� bc2 ���� bc1 ����(�BЫ,-bc5) 1 ���l 4 �Ҥl�~ 6 �~�� ���l�� 8 ��l ��~(bc206-8)���� Xin/Hsin (Wang Mang interregnum) �s�� (9-23,�p15�~) �褸 �~�� �ӫ� �Ƶ� ---- ---- ---- ----- 9 �l�ذ� ����(Wang Mang, bc45-23)�Y�� 14 �ѻ� 18 ���ܤ���(18-27)�_ 20 �a�� 23 �s������ ��l�� (23-25,�p3�~) �褸 �~�� �ӫ� �Ƶ� ---- ---- ---- ----- 23 ��l ��l��(�B��,-25)�Y�� 25 ��l�ҵ��� Eastern/Later Han �F�~ (25-220,�p196�~) �褸 �~�� �ӫ� �Ƶ� ---- ---- ---- ----- 25 �تZ ���Z��(�B�q,bc5-57)�Y�� 56 ���� 57 ����(�B��,29-75/76) 57 �إ�������Ϧܬ��� 58 �å� 58 �H��(2-58)�u 64 �Ҥl�~ 65 ���������ѪǨD����(65-67) 68 �����إհ��x 75 ����(�B[���B],57-88) 76 �ت� 77 �Z�W(Pan Ch'ao, 32-102)��F����� 84 ���M 87 ���M 88 �M��(�B�F,79-105) 89 �ä� 89 �u��(-92)�}�_�I�� 92 [�~��]�@�̯Z�T(32?-92)������ 100 �\�V(58-147)��[����Ѧr] 105 ���� �ܫ�(�B��,105-106) 105 �Ʃx����(-121?)�m�� 106 ���� �w��(�B��,-125) 107 �ê� 114 ���� 120 �ù� 121 �إ� 122 ���� 124 �Ҥl�~ 125 �֫�(�B�t,-125) �Y�_�m�J 125 ����(�B�O,-144) 126 �ë� 132 ���� 136 �éM 139 �i��(78-139)�u,�o���a�_�� 142 �~�w 144 �رd �R��(�B��,143-145) 145 �ù� ���(�B�@,138-146) 146 ���� �٫�(�B��,132-167) 147 ��ӦZ(-150)��F 147 �ةM 147 �w��(�쭦)�w�@���ܬ��� 150 �M�� 151 ���� 153 �ÿ� 155 �ù� 158 ���Q 166 �Ĥ@�����D���� 167 �ñd �F��(�B��,156-189) 167 ��������@�ܬ��� 168 �ع� 169 �ĤG�����D���� 172 �Q�� 178 ���M 184 �Ҥl�~ 184 ���� 184 ���y���ð_ 189 ���Q �֫�(�B�G,175-189) �Y���A�� 189 �L�� ��ӦZ(-189)�M�F 189 �ú~ 189 ���� �m��(�B��) 189 ����(-192)���m�� 190 �쥭 194 ���� 196 �ئw ���(155-220)���m�Ҧۭ� 198 �f��(-198)�Q�� 200 �x�礧��,���(155-220)�}�K��(-202) 200 �G��(127-200)�u 200 ���R(27-100?)�u,�ۦ�[��] 207 �B��(162-223)�T�U�T�f,�нѸ��G(181-234) 208 ��������,�B��(162-223)�]�v(182-252)�}���(155-220) 210 �P��(175-210)�u 217 �|��(172-217)�u 219 �]�v(182-252)������(160?-219) 219 �f�X(178-219)�u 220 ���d �F�~(25-220)���� Three Kingdoms �T�� (220-280,�p61�~) 300 275 250 225 200 ..........*..............*.............*..............*...............*........ <------+ ���J�Q���� (Sixteen Kingdoms, 304-439) <--------------��--------------+ (Jin/Chin 265-420) (Wei, 220-265) +---------�Q---------------+ (Shu, 221-265) +---------��--------------+ (Wu, 222-280) +--------------�d---------------------+ (Han, bc206-220) +-------�~----------> ..........*..............*.............*..............*...............*........ 300 275 250 225 200 Wei �Q (220-265,�p46�~) Shu �� (221-263,�p43�~) Wu �d (222-280,�p59�~) �褸 �Q�~�� �ӫ� ���~�� �ӫ� �d�~�� �ӫ� ---- ------- ---- ------ ---- ------ ---- 220 ���� �Q���(��A,187-226)�Y�� 221 ���Z ���L�P��(�B��,162-223)�Y�� 221 �i��(-221)�Q�� 222 ���Z �d�j�� 222 (�]�v,182-252)�Y�� 223 �ؿ� ����D(�B�I,-271) 226 �Q����(����,-239) 227 �өM 227 �Ѹ��G(181-234)�g[�X�v��] 228 �Ѹ��G(181-234)�g[��X�v��] 228 ���(190-228)�Q�� 229 ���s 232 �ť� 233 �C�s 237 ���� 238 ���� ���Q 239 �Q����(���) 240 ���l 244 �Ҥl�~ 249 �ť� 251 �q���t(175-251)�u 251 �Ӥ� 252 ���� �d�|�]��(�]�G) 252 �ؿ� 254 ���� �Q���Q�m��(���) ���� 256 ���S �ӥ� 258 ��ģ �æw �d���� 258 (�]��,-264) 260 ���� �Q����(�䫷) 262 �˪L�C��R�d(223-262)�Q�� 263 �˪L�C�娿�y(210-263)�u 263 ���� ����D�h�� 264 �w�� ���� �d�Q�{��(�]�q) 265 �Q���Ұh�� ���S 265 �q���L(221-265)�u 266 �_�� 269 �ؿ� 272 ��� 275 ���� 276 ��â 277 �Ѭ� 280 �d�Q�{���h�� 280 �T��(220-280)���� Jin/Chin �� (265-420,�p156�~) 600 500 400 300 200 .......*..............*..............*..............*..............*......... <---+ �� (Tang/T'ang, 618-907) +-----+ �� (Sui, 581-618) +----------�n��----------+ (Southern Dynasties, 420-589) +------------�_��-------------+ (Northern Dynasties, 386-581) (Sixteen Kingdoms, 304-439) +----���J�Q����----+ (Eastern Jin/Chin, 317-420) +----�F��------+ (Western Jin/Chin, 265-316) +--���--+ (Three Kingdoms, 220-280) +-�T��--+ (Han, bc206-220) +----�~-----> .......*..............*..............*..............*..............*......... 600 500 400 300 200 Western Jin/Chin ���� (265-316,�p52�~) �褸 �~�� �ӫ� �Ƶ� ---- ---- ---- ----- 265 ���l �Z��(�q����,236-290)�Y�� 275 �w�� 280 �ӱd 284 ���w(222-284)�u,�ۦ�[�K���g�Ƕ���] 290 �Ӻ� �f��(�q���J,259-306) 290 �ú� �ӦZ���(-300)�M�F 291 �å� 291 ���d 297 ����(233-297)�u,�ۦ�[�T���] 300 �ñd �K������(300-306)�_ 301 �ù� 302 �Ӧw 304 �Ҥl�~ 304 �æw 304 �تZ 304 �æw 304 �ÿ� 305 ����(250?-305?)�u,�ۦ�[�T����],�@�ɬ����ȶQ 306 ���� �h��(�q���K,-313) 306 �q���C(246?-306?)�u 307 �ù� 313 �ؿ� �]��(�q���~) 316 ���(265-316)���� Eastern Jin/Chin �F�� (317-420,�p104�~) �褸 �~�� �ӫ� �Ƶ� ---- ---- ---- ----- 317 �تZ ����(�q����,276-321)�Y��رd(���n��) 318 �ӿ� 322 �é� ����(�q����,-325) 323 �ӹ� 325 ����(�q���l,-342) 326 �w�M 335 �w�d 342 �d��(�q����,-344) 343 �ؤ� 344 �p��(�q���C,-361) 345 �éM 353 ������(303?-361?)��27�H�}���F���| 356 �ٷ�(312-378)�_��,�ܦ^���� 357 �ɥ� 361 �s��(�q���A,-365) 362 ���M 363 ���� 363 ���x(284-363?)�u,�ۦ�[�ꦵ�l] 364 �Ҥl�~ 365 �o��(�q����) 365 ���W��(365-427)�� 366 �өM 371 �w�w ²���(�q���R,-372) 372 ���Z��(�q���`,-396) 373 ��d 376 �Ӥ� 379 �b�g�v�l���z��(334-416)���f�s���ս��� 383 �������,�¥��¥�(343-388)�}���x�Ű�(338-385) 396 �w��(�q���w�v,-418) 397 ���w 399 �k��(337?-423?)���L�ר��g 402 ���� 405 �q�� 418 ����(�q���w��) 419 ���� 420 �F��(317-420)���� Sixteen Kingdoms by Five Clans of Barbarians ���J�Q���� (304-439,�p136�~) 304 �Ҥl�~ 304 �B�W(-310)�긹�~,�B�`(-333)�אּ��,�Y�e��(304-329) 304 ��(�~)��(304-347),�Y�e�� 319 �۰�(274-332)�߫ữ(319-350) 324 �e�D��(324-376) 329 �e���� 337 �}�e湥߫e�P(337-370) 347 ��(�~)�� 348 �ữ����ϼ�(232-348)�u 350 �ữ�� 351 �{���߫e��(351-394) 364 �Ҥl�~ 366 �F������_�y���ץ۸] 370 �e�P�� 384 �᯳��(384-417) 384 �}�e���߫�P(384-409) 385 �诳��(385-431) 386 �f��(337-399)�߫�D(386-403) 394 �e���� 397 �n�D��(397-414) 398 �n�P��(398-410) 400 ��D��(400-420) 401 �q��X��(386-433)�ߥ_�D(401-439) 401 �Ѫǰ깧��ù��(Kumarajiva,343?-413?)����w 403 ��D�� 407 ���s�k�k(-425)�߮L(407-431) 409 �_�P��(409-436);��P�� 410 �n�P�� 414 �n�D�� 417 �᯳�� 420 ��D�� 424 �Ҥl�~ 431 �诳��,�L�� 436 �_�P�� 439 �_�D�� 439 ���J�Q����(304-439)���� Southern and Northern Dynasties �n�_�� (386-589,�p204�~) Southern Dynasties �n�� (420-589,�p170�~) Song/Sung �� (420-479,�p60�~) �褸 �~�� �ӫ� �Ƶ� ---- ---- ---- ----- 420 �ê� �Z��(�B��,-422)�Y�� 422 �֫�(�B�q��,-424) 423 ���� 424 �Ҥl�~ 424 ���� ���(�B�q��,-453) 433 ���F�B(385-433)�u 445 [��~��]�@�̭S��(398-445)�Q�� 452 ���Z��(�B�@,-464) 454 ���� 457 �j�� 464 �o��(�B�l�~,449-465) 465 �å� 465 ���M ����(�B�{,-472) 465 ���l 466 �֤H�j��(414?-466)�u 472 ���� ��o��(�B�R,-477) 473 ���� 477 �@�� ����(�B��) 479 ��(420-479)�` Qi /Ch'i �� (479-502,�p24�~) �褸 �~�� �ӫ� �Ƶ� ---- ---- ---- ----- 479 �ؤ� ����(���D��,-482)�Y�� 482 �Z��(����,-493) 483 �é� 484 �Ҥl�~ 493 �o��(���L�~) 494 ���� 494 ���� ��o��(���L��) 494 �تZ ����(���},-498) 498 �î� �F���J(���_��) 499 �ä� 500 ���R��(429-500)�u 501 ���� �M��(���_��) 502 ��(479-502)�` Liang �� (502-557,�p56�~) �褸 �~�� �ӫ� �Ƶ� ---- ---- ---- ----- 502 �Ѻ� �Z��(���l,-549)�Y�� 520 ���q �L�F�����v(Bodhidharma)�F�� 527 �j�q 529 ���j�q 531 [���]�@�̬L���Ӥl(����,501-531)�u 535 �j�P 544 �Ҥl�~ 546 ���j�P 547 �ӲM 549 ²���(����,-551) 550 �j�_ 551 �ѥ� �ݳ���(���F) 552 �Ӹt ����(��ö,-554) 554 �s���J(���W��) 555 �Ѧ� 555 �Ю� �q��(���U��) 556 �ӥ� 557 ��(502-557)�` Chen �� (557-589,�p33�~) �褸 �~�� �ӫ� �Ƶ� ---- ---- ---- ----- 557 �éw �Z��(���Q��,-559)�Y�� 559 ���(����,-566) 560 �ѹ� 566 �ѱd �{����(���B�v) 567 ���j 568 �ū�(���z) 569 �ӫ� 570 �^�пp�u�q�w(Muhammad, 570-632)�ϥ� 582 ��D(�����_) 583 �ܼw 587 �թ� 589 ��(557-589)�`,�n��(420-589)���� Northern Dynasties �_�� (386-581,�p196�~) Northern Wei (�_)�Q (386-534,�p149�~) ��٫��Q,���Q �褸 �~�� �ӫ� �Ƶ� ---- ---- ---- ----- 386 �n�� �D�Z��(�ݶ[�^,371-409)�Y�� 396 �өl 398 �ѿ� 404 �ѽ� 409 �ÿ� ������ 414 ���� 416 ���` 424 �Ҥl�~ 424 �l�� �ӪZ�� 428 ���� 432 ���M 435 �ө� 440 �ӥ��u�g 446 �X�o��O 451 ���� 452 �ӥ� �n�w�� 452 ���w �妨��(440-465) 454 ���� 455 �Ӧw 460 �M�� 460 �j�P���^�۸]�}�l�سy 465 �m���(�ݶ[��,454-476) 466 �Ѧw 471 ���� �����(�ݶ[��,467-499) 476 �ө� 477 �өM 484 �Ҥl�~ 494 �E������,�T�J��,��~��,�s���۸]�}�l�سy 499 �ŪZ��(-515) 500 ���� 504 ���l 508 �å� 512 ���� 515 ������(���H,-528) 516 ���� 518 ���t 520 ���� 525 ���� 527 Ű�D��(466?-527)�u,�ۦ�[���g�`] 528 �Z�� ������(����,-530) 528 �ظq 528 �æw 530 �ة� �q�� 531 ���� �`�{�� 531 ���� �X�� 532 �ө� 532 �ÿ� ���Z��(����,510-534) 532 �ú� 534 �_�Q(386-534)���� Eastern Wei �F�Q (534-550,�p17�~) �褸 �~�� �ӫ� �Ƶ� ---- ---- ---- ----- 534 �ѥ� ���R��(������)�Y�� 538 ���H 539 ���M 542 ���}(476-542)�u 543 �Z�w 544 �Ҥl�~ 550 �F�Q(534-550)���� Western Wei ���Q (535-556,�p22�~) Northern Qi �_�� (550-577,�p28�~) �褸 �Q�~�� �ӫ� ���~�� �ӫ� ---- ------ ---- ------ ---- 535 �j�� ���Q��ҧY�� 544 �Ҥl�~ 547 ���w(496-547)�u 550 �ѫO �_����ūҧY�� 551 ���Q�o�� 554 ���Q���� 556 ���Q(535-556)���� Northern Zhou/Chou (�_)�P (557-581,�p25�~) �褸 �P�~�� �ӫ� ���~�� �ӫ� ---- ------ ---- ------ ---- 557 (�_)�P���{��(�t��ı) 558 (�_)�P������(�t�巶) 559 �Z�� �_���o�� 560 ���� 560 (�_)�P�Z��(�t��o,543-578) 560 �ӫ� �_�����L�� 561 �O�w �ӹ� 562 �e�M �_���Z���� 565 �Ѳ� �_����D 566 �ѩM 570 �Z�� 572 �ؼw 574 �P�Z�ҥX�o��O 576 ���� 577 �ӥ� �_�����D�Y��;�P�~�h�� 577 �_��(550-577)���� 578 �ŬF (�_)�P�ū�(�t��[�y��], 559-580) 579 �j�� 579 �j�H 579 (�_)�P�R�� 581 �_�P(557-581)���� Sui �� (581-618,�p38�~) �褸 �~�� �ӫ� �Ƶ� ---- ---- ---- ----- 581 �}�� ���(����,541-604)�Y�� 587 ���|�}�l 595 ���֮a�U�_�`(556?-595?)�u 600 ������(�p���f�l)�J�� 601 ���� 604 �Ҥl�~ 604 �ի�(���s,569-618) 605 �j�~ 610 �j�B�e���u 617 �q�� ���� 618 ��(581-618)�` Tang/T'ang �� (618-907,�p290�~) 900 800 700 600 500 400 ...........*............*............*............*............*............*.. <---+ �� (Song/Sung, 960-1279) <----��---+ (Liao, 907-1125) +----+ ���N (Five Dynasties,907-960) +-------+ �Q�� (Ten Kingdoms, 902-979) +-----------------��------------------+ (Tang/T'ang, 618-907) +-��-+ (Sui, 581-618) (Southern/Northern Dynasties, 386-589) +-------�n�_��-----------> (Jin/Chin, 265-420) �� +--> ...........*............*............*............*............*............*.. 900 800 700 600 500 400 �褸 �~�� �ӫ� �Ƶ� ---- ---- ---- ----- 618 �Z�w ����(���W,565-635)�Y�� 626 �өv(���@��,600-649) 627 �s�[ �ȮN(Hsuan Tsang,602-664)�L�ר��g(627-645) 627 �p�x(557-627)�u 638 �����f��(Hui Neng,638-713)�� 638 ���@�n(558-638)�u 641 �妨���D(625?-680)���R�f���Q�٤z�� 641 �ڶ���(557-641)�u 643 �Q�x(580-643)�u 645 �ȮN(602-664)�^������[�j����O] 645 �C�v�j(581-645)�u 645 �饻�j�ƭ��s 647 ���ȵ��X�ϤѪ�(�L��) 648 �Х���(578-648)�u 648 �տo�F(574-648)�u 649 ���v(���v,628-683) 650 ���� 656 ��y 658 �u�E�}(596-658)�u 661 �s�� 664 �Ҥl�~ 664 ��w 666 ���� 668 �`�� 670 �w�� 671 �q�b(635-713)�ѪǨD�g 673 �e�a詥ߥ�(-673)�u 674 �W�� 676 ���� 679 ���S 680 �ö� 681 �}ģ 682 �òE 683 ���D ���v(����,656-710) 684 ��t �ͩv(����,662-716) 684 ��� �]�P�^�Z�Z(�Z�h��,Wu Tse-t'ien,625-705) 684 ���v 685 ���� 686 ���|(686-760)�� 689 �é� 690 ���� 690 �ѱ� 692 �p�N 692 ���� 694 ���� 695 �Ҹt 695 ��??�� 696 �U���n�� 696 �U���q�� 697 ���\ 698 �t�� 700 �[�� 700 �f����(630-700)�u 701 �j�� 701 ���w 701 �î����D(684-701)�Q��,���ө�1960-1962�X�g 705 ���s ���v(����,656-710) 706 ���q(-706)�u 707 ���s 710 �� �ͩv(����,662-716) 710 ���� 712 �ӷ� �ȩv(������,685-762) �U�٭����,��Z�� 712 ���M 712 ���� 713 �}�� 716 �e�a����V(651-716)�u 722 ��ҧL�� 724 �Ҥl�~ 740 �s�E�M(689-740)�u 742 ���_ 742 �����A(688-742)�u 745 ���ӯu(-756)���Q�m 747 ���ο�(-757)�����k�`�ר� 747 ���P�ۻ������ 752 ���ꩾ(-756)���_�� 752 ���L�j(-752)�u 754 ų�u(687-763)�u��}�ߩv 755 �w�S�s(An Lu-shan,703-757)��(755-763)�_ 755 ������(698-755?)�u 756 �ܼw �©v(����) 758 ���� 759 ����(Wang Wei, 699-759)�u 760 �W�� 761 �v���(-761)�Q�� 762 �_�� �N�v 762 �֥P����(Li Po, 701-762)�u 762 ���O�h(684-762)�u 763 �s�w 765 �î� 766 �j�� 770 �ָt���j(Tu Fu, 712-770)�u 770 �°�(715-770)�u 779 �w�v(�����,742-805) 780 �ؤ� 781 ���l��(Kuo Tzu-i, 697-781)�u 784 �Ҥl�~ 784 ���� 784 �C�u��(709-784)�u 785 �s�� 798 �f�}��(798-)�� 804 �鹬�Ů�(Kukai,774-835),�̼�(Saicho,767-822)�H����Ϩӵ� 805 �ís ���v(���w,-806) 805 �˩v(����,-820) 806 ���M 808 ������,���v�{�Ҫ��_ 816 ���P(790-816)�u 819 ���U(768-824)�W��[�צ�] 819 �h�v��(773-819)�u 820 �p�v(����,-824) 821 ���y 824 �q�v(����,-826) 825 �_�� 826 ���(����,809-840) 827 �өM 831 ����(779-831)�u 834 ����(768?-834?)�u 836 �}�� 839 �饻�̫Ỻ��ϤJ��.�����H��. 840 �Z��(����,-846) 841 �|�� 841 �|���o��(841-845) 842 �B����(772-842)�u 844 �Ҥl�~ 846 �ū�(����,-859) 846 �թ~��(Po Chu-i, 772-846)�u 847 �j�� 853 �i�ۻ���[���N�W�e�O] 853 ����(803-853)�u 858 ������(813-858)�u 859 �t�v(���A,-873) 860 �w�q 865 �h���v(778-865)�u 868 ���Ⱦ�(844?-868?)�Q�� 870 �Ůx�a(812-870)�u 873 ���v(���k,-888) 874 ���� 874 ���P��(-878)�ð_ 875 ���_(-884)�ð_ 880 �s�� 881 ���M 885 ���� 888 ��w �L�v(����,-904) 889 �s�� 890 �j�� 892 ���� 894 ���� 898 ���� 901 �Ѵ_ 904 �Ҥl�~ 904 �ѯ� �s��(����,892-908) 907 ��(618-907)���� Five Dynasties ���N (907-960,�p54�~) Later Liang ��� (907-923,�p17�~) �褸 �~�� �ӫ� �Ƶ� ---- ---- ---- ----- 907 �}�� �ӯ�(������,852-912) 911 ���� 913 ����(���ͭs,-923) 915 �s�� 921 �s�w 923 ���(907-923)�` Later Tang ��� (923-936,�p613�~) �褸 �~�� �ӫ� �Ƶ� ---- ---- ---- ----- 923 �P�� ���v(���s��,-926) 925 ���v(���,-933) 926 �Ѧ� 930 ���� 933 �{��(���q�p,-934) 934 ���� 934 �M�� �o��(���q��,-936) 936 ���(923-936)�` Later Jin/Chin ��� (936-946,�p11�~) �褸 �~�� �ӫ� �Ƶ� ---- ---- ---- ----- 936 �Ѻ� ����(�۷q��,892-942) 942 �X��(�ۭ��Q) 944 �}�B 946 ���(936-946)�` Later Han ��~ (947-950,�p4�~) �褸 �~�� �ӫ� �Ƶ� ---- ---- ---- ----- 947 �Ѻ� ����(�B����,-948) 948 ���� ����(�B�ӯ�,-950) 950 ��~(947-950)�` Later Zhou ��P (951-960,�p10�~) �褸 �~�� �ӫ� �Ƶ� ---- ---- ---- ----- 951 �s�� �ӯ�(����,-954) 954 ��w �@�v(��a,-959) 954 �X�o��O 959 ����(��v�V) 960 ��P(951-960)�`,���N(907-960)���� Ten Kingdoms �Q�� (902-979,�p78�~) 902 �d��(902-937) 904 �Ҥl�~ 907 ����(847-918)�߫e��(907-925) 907 �d�V��(907-978) 907 ����(907-951) 907 �n�~��(907-971) 909 �ԥ�(909-945) 924 �n��(��n)��(924-960) 925 �e���` 934 �s�����߫Ḿ(934-965) 937 ���[�߫n��(937-975),������ 937 �d�` 945 �Ԥ` 951 �_�~��(951-979) 951 ���` 958 ��P�槡�Ъk 960 �n��(��n)�` 961 �n��(937-975)��D(����,937-978)�Y�� 964 �Ҥl�~ 965 �Ḿ�` 971 �n�~�` 975 �n��` 978 �d�V�������m�a����,�d�V�` 979 �_�~�` 979 �Q��(902-979)���� Song/Sung �� (960-1279,�p320�~) 1300 1200 1100 1000 900 ....*...............*................*................*................*.... <-------��---------+ (Yuan, 1207-1367) +--------��---------+ (Jin/Chin/Juchen, 1115-1234) +------------��L-----------------+(Western Xia/Hsia,1032-1227) (Liao, 907-1125) +-------------��----------------------+ +--------�n��----------+ (Southern Song/Sung, 1127-1279) (Northern Song/Sung, 960-1127) +------------�_��------------+ (Five Dynasties,907-960) +--------+ ���N (Ten Kingdoms, 902-979) +--------------+ �Q�� (Tang/T'ang, 618-907) �� +-----> ....*...............*................*................*................*.... 1300 1200 1100 1000 900 Northern Song/Sung �_�� (960-1127,�p168�~) �褸 �~�� �ӫ� �Ƶ� ---- ---- ---- ----- 960 �ض� �ӯ�(���J�N,927-976)�Y�� 963 ���w 964 �Ҥl�~ 968 �}�_ 976 �өv(���J�q,939-997) 976 �ӥ����� 984 �Ҥl�~ 984 �l�� 984 �����w(939-1006)��[������O] 988 �ݫ� 989 ���h���i(-989)�u,�D���D�ĦX 990 �E�� 995 �ܹD 996 [�ӥ��s��]�ݥ@ 997 �u�v(����,986-1022) 998 �w�� 1004 ���w �M����(907-1125)�ѩM 1008 �j������ 1017 ���H 1022 ���� ���v(����) 1022 �歭�Ъk 1023 �Ѹt 1024 �Ҥl�~ 1032 ���D 1034 ���� 1038 �_�� 1040 �d�w 1041 �y�� 1044 �M��L(1032-1227)�ѩM 1044 ���@(-1051)�o�����r�L��(movable type)�N 1048 Ĭ�ϴ�(1008-1048)�u 1049 �ӯ� 1049 �S�R�T(989-1052)�y��s�F����,�Q�S�H�{ 1054 �ܩM 1056 �ů� 1060 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ù�e��(1330?-1400?)�u,�ۦ�[�T��Ӻt�q] 1402 ����(����,1360-1424) 1402 �觵��(-1402)�Q�� 1403 �ü� 1405 �G�M(Cheng Ho, 1371-1435)�C���U��v(1405-1433)�l 1407 [�ü֤j��]�ݥ@ 1420 �_�ʳ]�F�t 1421 �E���_�� 1424 ���v(�����K,1378-1425) 1425 �x�� 1425 �ũv(��ĺ��,1399-1435) 1426 �żw 1435 �^�v(������,1427-1464) 1435 �Ʃx�M�F�}�l 1436 ���� 1444 �Ҥl�~ 1449 �g�������,�^�v(1427-1464)�Q�X�j�x�]��(-1454)�R 1449 ����(�����,1428-1457) 1449 �X�j�x�]��(-1454)��_�� 1450 ���� 1457 �Ѷ� �^�v(������,1427-1464) 1462 �e�a���i(1389-1462)�u 1464 �˩v(�����`,1447-1487) 1465 ���� 1487 ���v(������,1470-1505) 1488 ���v 1502 [�j���|��]�ݥ@ 1504 �Ҥl�~ 1505 �Z�v(���p��,1491-1521) 1506 ���w 1506 ������(1472-1529)�S�Q�{ 1509 �e�a�H�P(1427-1509)�u 1510 �Ʃx�B�@(-1510)�u 1521 �@�v(���p�p,1507-1566) 1522 �Źt 1550 �X�j�x��_�� 1552 �e�a���^(-1552?)�u 1559 ���V(1488-1559)�u 1559 ��x��(1470-1559)�u 1562 �Y�C�D�}�K 1557 �������D���~���v 1563 �\�j��(1504-1580),���~��(1528-1587)��֫د}�رF 1564 �Ҥl�~ 1566 �p�v(����[�Z�u],1537-1572) 1566 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�۹F�}(1831-1863)�Q�� 1864 �Ҥl�~ 1865 ���E��(Li Hung-chang, 1823-1901)�ߦ��n�s�y�� 1866 ���v��(1812-1885)�]�֦{�y��t 1874 �w�v(����,1871-1908) 1875 ���� 1876 �H����(1820-1879)�u�k��u�{�v��x�n�ئ��������� 1885 �B�ʶ�(1836-1895)���x�W����(1885-1891) 1889 ����(1871-1908)�ˬF�}�l 1894 ����ҤȤ���(1894-1895) 1894 �](1841-1902)���x�W���� 1895 �B����(�B���,1836-1895)�۱� 1898 �Ӷ�P(1865-1898),�d����(1858-1927)�����ܪk 1889 �i���}(1837-1909)����s�`��,���ʬv�ȹB�� 1899 �D�h�������ץ۸]��17�]�o�{�j�q�ѵe�g�� 1900 �q�M�Ψƥ�(Boxer Rebellion) 1900 �@�a�¦B��(1900-)�� 1905 �֤H������(1848-1905)�u 1901 �o�K��,�ε��� 1902 �|��(�P�@�H,1881-1936)�d�� 1904 ��X�Ԫ�(1904-1905) 1906 �o���| 1907 �}����(-1907),���v�~(-1907),��@(1875-1907)�Q���B�� 1908 �ŲΫ�(����, Henry P'u-i, 1906-1967) 1909 �Ų� 1911 ����(1874-1916)�s�{�_�q,����^�ƥ� 1911 �M(1616-1911)���� Republic ���� (1911-) 2000 1900 1800 1700 1600 1500 ....*...........*...........*...........*...........*...........*....... <-----+ ���ؤH���@�M�� (P.R.China, 1949-) <---------+ ���إ��� (R.O.China, 1912-) +--------------�M-------------------+ (Qing/Ch'ing,1616-1911) (Ming, 1368-1644) +---------��-------------> ....*...........*...........*...........*...........*...........*....... 2000 1900 1800 1700 1600 1500 Republic of China (in mainland China) ���إ��� (1911-) �褸 �~�� �`�� �Ƶ� ---- ---- ---- ----- 1912 ���� �]���s(Sun Yat-sen, 1866-1925)�ذ� 1912 �K�@��(Yuan Shih-k'ai, 1859-1916) 1913 ���Ф�(1882-1913)�Q�� 1914 �Ĥ@���@�ɤj��(1914-1918)�_ 1915 ���W�q(1879-1942)��[�C�~���x] 1915 ���y��(1893-1981)�M�]���s(1866-1925)���B 1916 ������(1864-1928) 1916 �q�R��(1865-1936)������`�z,�����v 1917 �i��(1854-1923)�_�@���� 1917 �d�X�u(1865-1953)�s[�ꭵ�r��] 1917 ��A�F(1893-1976)����F�]�s���Ƿ| 1917 �X��G�뭲�R,�F�Ӱh��(Nicholas II, 1868-1918) 1917 �X��Q�뭲�R,�C��(1870-1924)�x�v 1918 �֤HĬ�Ү�(Ĭ�ȷ�,Ĭ�l�\,1884-1918)�u 1919 ���|�B��(the May Fourth Movement) 1919 �_�v�F���䦼�M(1877-1966)�D�u��K¾ 1921 ���j�Y(1892-1978)�M���F��(1896-1945)�X��Ц��� 1921 ���ʮ����D�q��ǹB�� 1921 �Y�_(1853-1921)�u 1922 �J�A(1891-1962)����ոܤ�B�� 1922 ��ʪ�(1842-1922)�u 1923 ���C(1862-1938) 1924 �Ҥl�~ 1924 ��@�Ĥ@���X�@ 1924 ���H�x�ճ]�� 1924 �L�V(1852-1924)�u 1925 �]���s(1866-1925)�u 1925 ����_(1877-1925)�Q�� 1927 ���j�x(1889-1927)�Q�� 1927 �����(1877-1927)�۱�,�ۦ�[�H������] 1928 ������(Chiang Kai-shek, 1887-1975) 1928 �n�ʰ���F��(Nationalist Government)���� 1928 �i�@�M(1875-1928)�Q�� 1929 ��ҶW(1873-1929)�u 1930 �x�W�����ܤ�ƥ� 1931 ���{����,��x�I��15�~�Ԫ�(1931-1945)�}�l 1931 �������Ĭ���J�F������ 1932 ���{�ꦨ��(1932-1945) 1932 ���e�W��,�W������ 1932 �i�v��(1882-1932)�u 1933 �ڪ�(�����,�����,1904-)��[�a] 1934 ����s�ͬ��B�� 1934 ���x����,����(1934-1936)�}�l 1934 �H�q��(1902-1988)��[�䫰] 1934 �ҥj�Ǫ̶���](1893-1966)��[��������] 1935 �@���ҿ��q�|ij 1935 �L��(1910-1985)���o����V 1935 £���(1899-1935)�Q�� 1936 ��w����(Sian Incident),�i�Ǩ}(1901-)�ۦ��D�n�T 1936 �|��(�P�@�H,1881-1936)�u 1936 ������(1869-1936)�u 1936 �J�~��(1879-1936)�u 1937 ���ܾ�(1937-1945)�}�l 1937 ��@�ĤG���X�@,���ߧܤ���ڲΤ@�Խu 1937 �n�ʤj�O��(Nanking Massacre) 1938 �E�����y 1938 ��л�(1860-1938)�u 1939 �d�ا�(1874-1939)�u 1940 �L���(Wang Ching-wei, 1883-1944)�n�ʬF������ 1940 ������(1868-1940)�u 1940 ù����(1866-1940)�u 1941 �ӥ��v�Ԫ�(1941-1945)�_ 1942 ���@�j�v(������, 1880-1942)�u 1943 �}ù�|ij(Cairo Conference) 1944 �L����(1883-1944)�u 1946 ���إ���˪k�q�L 1946 ��@���_ 1946 �֤H�D�@�h(1899-1946)�Q�� 1947 �ӵ�j�v(1890-1947)�u 1947 �x�W�G�G�K�ƥ� 1948 ���ɲ�(1880-1948)�u Republic of China (in Taiwan) 1949 �E���x�_,��I���Y�O 1949 ����[�T�C���] 1950 ����(1950-1953)�_ 1950 �Ŵ��~(1896-1950)�u 1951 ����[���a���] 1953 ����[�Ѫ̦����] 1958 �K�G�T�������� 1960 �V��(1960-1975)�_ 1960 ������e�����q�� 1960 �ק�˪k�{�ɱ���,���\�`�αo�H�s��s�� 1960 �F���s(1883-1960)�u 1969 ù�a��(1895-1969)�u 1970 ��ʹ�(1885-1970)�u 1964 ���J���椽���q�� 1964 �۪����w�m�u 1965 �������� 1966 �_����e�����q�� 1968 ��I�E�~����q�ȱШ| 1971 �O�@�����x�B�ʶ}�l 1971 �h�X�p�X�� 1972 �n����e�����q�� 1972 �����_�� 1973 �Ĥ@���۪o�M�� 1973 ���ʤQ���س] 1975 �Y�a�h(Yen Chia-kan, 1905-1993) 1975 ������(1887-1975)�u 1976 �L�y��(1895-1976)�u 1977 �����_�� 1977 ���c�ƥ�,�ҥ~�\�H�}�����鿤�� 1978 ���g��(Chiang Ching-kuo, 1910-1988) 1978 ����[�x�W���Y�k]�q�L 1978 ���s���t�����q�� 1979 ��餤����ھ���(CKS Airport)�ҥ� 1979 ���R�q���x�ƥ�,�ҥ~���|���p���� 1981 �U�e��(1893-1981)�u 1984 �Ҥl�~ 1985 �ĤQ�H�ΦX�@���˳��ƥ� 1985 �U���v(1888-1985)�u 1986 ���D�i�B�Ҧ��� 1986 �s�ܤW�H(1892-1986)�u 1987 ���Y�O(���T,�ҸT)�Ѱ�,�}��j������ 1987 ����(1902-1987)�u 1988 ���g��(1910-1988)�u 1988 ���n��(Lee Teng-hui, 1923-) 1990 ���p(1895-1990)�u 1991 �o��˪k�{�ɱ��� 1993 �d���j,�L�D�[�|�� 1993 �s�Ҧ��� 1995 �G�G�K�O���O���� 1995 ���n��(1923-)�X�� 1995 �ŤƤW�H(-1995)�u 1996 �x�W���l�ɼu�ƥ� 1997 �_���ĤG���t�����q�� 1997 �x�_���B�H��-��]�u�q�� 1999 921�H���a�_ 2000 ������(Chen Shui-bian, 1950-) 2000 �n���ĤG���t�����s��-�E�p���q�q�� 2000 �˥��Ҧ��� People's Republic of China ���ؤH���@�M�� (1949-) �褸 �~�� �D�u �Ƶ� ---- ---- ---- ----- 1949 ��A�F(Mao Zedong, 1893-1976)�ذ�,�w���_�� 1950 ���A�Ԫ�(1950-1953)�_ 1953 �}�d�E(1895-1953)�u 1957 ���ե�(1863-1957)�u 1958 �j�D�i(Great Leap Forward) 1959 �F����14�@(1935-)���צL�� 1959 �궳�j�v(Xu Yun, 1858-1959)�u 1960 �V�n�Ԫ�(1960-1975)�_ 1961 ������(1895-1961)�u 1964 ��l�u���z���\ 1966 ��Ƥj���R(Cultural Revolution, 1966-1977) 1966 �Ѫ�(�μy�K,1899-1966)�۱� 1968 �@�@�a�к~(1898-1968)�u 1969 �B�֩_(1898-1969)�u 1970 �@�a����z(1906-1970)�u 1971 �i�J�p�X��,���N�x�W�u�� 1971 �L�C(1907-1971?)�u 1972 ����ñ�p�W������ 1972 ����إ� 1974 �^�w�h(1898-1974)�u 1976 ���w(1886-1976)�u 1976 �P����(Zhou Enlai, 1898-1976)�u 1976 ��A�F(1893-1976)�u 1976 �ذ�p(Hua Guofeng, 1920-) 1976 �|�H�����C(1913-1991)������ 1977 �����إ� 1981 �H�p��(Deng Xiaoping, 1904-1997) 1981 �T��(�H�w�E,�H���B,1896-1981)�u 1982 �ħﭲ�}����u 1984 �Ҥl�~ 1985 �J��(�i���H,1902-1985)�u 1986 ���C�^(1897-1986)�u 1986 �B��(���B��,1904-1986)�u 1987 ������(Zhao Ziyang, 1919-) 1989 �Ѧw��(Tiananmen Square)�ƥ� 1989 ���A��(Jiang Zemin, 1926-) 1989 �P��(�P�_��,1908-1989)�u 1990 ������(1894-1990)�u 1995 ���X���K�I 1997 �H�p��(1904-1997)�u 1997 ����^�k 1999 �D���^�k Reference: 1.���H�e���~��(chronology)�U�a���k���@,�ȾڤU�C��Ƨ@���C: "http://www.edu.tw/mandr/clc/dict/htm/fulu/fumain.htm" ��y������K�Q���~(1997)�G�목������ �����@:������N���~�� �����G:������N�Ҥ��~�� �����T:������N�~�����ު� 2."http://www.sinica.edu.tw/ftms-bin/ftmsw3" ������s�|�~�y�q�l���m�G�Q���v 3."http://www-chaos.umd.edu/history/time_line.html" Chinese History Timeline 4."http://acc6.its.brooklyn.cuny.edu/~phalsall/texts/chinhist.html" Chinese Dynastic History Compiled from Compton's Living Encyclopedia on America Online (August 1995) 5."http://www.eb.com/limited_search.html" Britannica Online Search 6."http://ultra.iis.sinica.edu.tw/twstudy/twhistorytable/index.html" �x�W���v�~��,�Խg 7."http://aff.law.ntu.edu.tw/after_war/content.html" �\����,"�ԫ�x�W�v�O",1997�~������ 8.���Ϧڵ�,"����の���v��15���~��,���v�a��,����",���Z��,1983 9.Goodrich, L.Carringtons and Fang, Chaoying (�Х���), "Dictionary of Ming Biography" (���N�W�H��) Columbia University Press, 1976 10.�ԳX�q��,��嶋����Ķ,"�j����夤��饻�g14������",�������ת�,1991 11.�����t,"�U��Q���~",���خѧ�,1982 12.Huang, Ray (�����t), "China, A Macro History", 1990. �s���^�vĶ,�F��ѧ�,1994 13.���Ϧ�,���T�q��,"�@��の���vと���,����",�s���,1993 14.�L���ɮv,"�L���ɮv����,��Хv�a��,�|,�צ�����~�N",1957 bc1029-bc949, bc1027-bc947 ����j��,���Q��L�̩�520�~��[�P�Ѳ��O]���X -bc589,-bc587 ����,�q�l���k -bc546,-bc544,-bc543 -bc544���@�ɦ�Ю{�ͽ˷|�ĤT���j�|�q�L -bc498,-bc496 �n�Ǧ��(����)�j���k,��[�������i�C�F] -bc390,-bc387,-bc384 �_�Ǧ��(�仫)���k,��[���|����] (Shakyamuni,bc1029?-bc950?,bc469?-bc390?)�u 15."http://www.xys.org/pages/ehistory.html" History Collection at Xin Yu Su 16.�إ@�s�賡,"������v�j�Ʀ~��",�إ@,1986 17."http://www.sino21.com/indexbg5.htm" �~�ذT���������q�T����Ʈw 18."http://www.stanford.edu/~dnivison/chronology.html" D. Nivison: Chronology, Huang Di through Western Zhou Appendix: 1.�z��p�ɪk�Y '�Q�ΤQ�Ѥz�ΤQ�G�a��̦��۰t�A�����H���Q���P�����ǼưO���~������k�C�� �DZq�Ҥl�B�A���B���G�B�B�f�B�K�K�ܬѥ�A�P�Ӵ_�l�C��N�R��w�Τz����� �A���~�H��~�ΥH���~�B��A�åH�a����ɡC' �H�W�ޥΦ�,��y������K�Q���~(1997)�G�목,"http://www.edu.tw/mandr/clc/dict" �Q�Ѥz: �� �A �� �B �� �v �� �� �� �� �Q�G�a��: �l �� �G �f �� �x �� �� �� �� �� �� 11 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 �ɨ��_ 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 �ɨ��� �� �� �� �K �s �D �� �� �U �� �� �� 0. �Ҥl �A�� ���G �B�f ���� 5. �v�x ���� ���� �Х� �Ѩ� 10. �Ҧ� �A�� ���l �B�� ���G 15. �v�f ���� ���x �Ф� �ѥ� 20. �ҩ� �A�� ���� �B�� ���l 25. �v�� ���G ���f �Ш� �Ѥx 30. �Ҥ� �A�� ���� �B�� ���� 35. �v�� ���l ���� �бG �ѥf 40. �Ҩ� �A�x ���� �B�� ���� 45. �v�� ���� ���� �Фl �Ѥ� 50. �ұG �A�f ���� �B�x ���� 55. �v�� ���� ���� �Ц� �ѥ� ���v�W���Ҥl�~ 1984,1684,1384,1084,784,484,184,b117,b417,b717,b1017,b1317,b1617,b1917 1924,1624,1324,1024,724,424,124,b177,b477,b777,b1077,b1377,b1677,b1977 1864,1564,1264, 964,664,364, 64,b237,b537,b837,b1137,b1437,b1737,b2037 1804,1504,1204, 904,604,304, 4,b297,b597,b897,b1197,b1497,b1797,b2097 1744,1444,1144, 844,544,244,b57,b357,b657,b957,b1257,b1557,b1857,b2157 2. Thanks List Huifu Huang <enghh@hotmail.com> 1997/8/26 No Huang-di prior to Qin dynasty D.Y. Niu <dyniu@wiznet.com.tw> 1998/1/19 Error in Liu Ming-chuan's chronicle year B. Choi <lbakchoi@usa.net> 1999/2/22 In 978, WuYue voluntarily surrendered to, not conquered by Sung Duncan TSE <tsedunca@hkstar.com> 1999/3/18 Deng Xiaoping died in 1997, not 1996 S.Y. Chiu <sychiu@ecic.com.tw> 1999/4/16 Bibliographic and formatting suggestion from Chen at NCL Robert Wishlaw <rwishlaw@prcn.org> 2000/2/16 Typo in year 841; added lineage info about Xia and Shang dynasties Lester D. K. Chow <lchow@lava.net> 2000/2/20 Authoritative 20th century info at http://lchow.webvis.net/csm/chron.html Robert Wishlaw <rwishlaw@armourtech.com> 2001/1/2 Info prior to Western Zhou at http://www.stanford.edu/~dnivison/chronology.html Robert Wishlaw <rwishlaw@armourtech.com> 2001/1/5 Typo in year 1bc; name of 'pin di' should be 'liu kan', not 'liu yan' Kenny Tsung <kennytsung@home.com> 2001/1/8 Info about the Great Wall missing Robert Wishlaw <rwishlaw@armourtech.com> 2001/2/6 Illegible Japanese characters; Fixed by use of Unicodes ================================================================================================ You are welcome to download and add new information for your site's use. Also, any comment or correction are welcome to Seke Wei at seke@mis.ksut.edu.tw. Thank you.