---------------------------------------------------------------------------- Comparative Table of Pinyin - WadeGiles - Yale - GuoinII - GwoyeuRomatzyh - Bopomofo Compiled by Seke Wei on April 6, 2000. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- Pinyin Wade Yale GuoyinII GwoyeuRomatzyh1,2,3,4 Bopomofo a a a a ㄚ阿 ai ai ai ai ㄞ哀 an an an an ㄢ安 ang ang ang ang ㄤ昂 ao ao au au ㄠ凹 Pinyin Wade Yale GuoinII GwoyeuRomatzyh1,2,3,4 Bopomofo ba pa ba ba ㄅㄚ八 bai pai bai bai ㄅㄞ百 ban pan ban ban ㄅㄢ半 bang pang bang bang ㄅㄤ邦 bao pao bau bau ㄅㄠ包 bei pei bei bei ㄅㄟ北 ben pe^n ben ben ㄅㄣ本 beng pe^ng beng beng ㄅㄥ崩 bi pi bi bi ㄅ一比 bian pien byan bian ㄅ一ㄢ扁 biao piao byau biau ㄅ一ㄠ表 bie pieh bye bie ㄅ一ㄝ別 bin pin bin bin ㄅ一ㄣ賓 bing ping bing bing ㄅ一ㄥ丙 bo po bwo bo ㄅㄛ伯 bu pu bu bu ㄅㄨ不 Pinyin Wade Yale GuoinII GwoyeuRomatzyh1,2,3,4 Bopomofo ca ts'a tsa tsa ㄘㄚ擦 cai ts'ai tsai tsai ㄘㄞ才 can ts'an tsan tsan ㄘㄢ參 cang ts'ang tsang tsang ㄘㄤ倉 cao ts'ao tsau tsau ㄘㄠ草 ce ts'e^h tse tse ㄘㄜ冊 cen ts'e^n tsen tsen ㄘㄣ岑 ceng ts'e^ng tseng tseng ㄘㄥ層 ci ts'u^ tsz tsz ㄘ次 cong ts'ung tsung tsung ㄘㄨㄥ匆 cou ts'ou tsou tsou ㄘㄡ湊 cu ts'u tsu tsu ㄘㄨ粗 cuan ts'uan tswan tsuan ㄘㄨㄢ篡 cui ts'ui tswei tsuei ㄘㄨㄟ脆 cun ts'un tswen tsuen ㄘㄨㄣ村 cuo ts'o tswo tsuo ㄘㄨㄛ挫 Pinyin Wade Yale GuoinII GwoyeuRomatzyh1,2,3,4 Bopomofo cha ch'a cha cha ㄔㄚ叉 chai ch'ai chai chai ㄔㄞ柴 chan ch'an chan chan ㄔㄢ產 chang ch'ang chang chang ㄔㄤ昌 chao ch'ao chau chau ㄔㄠ抄 che ch'e^ che che ㄔㄜ車 chen ch'e^n chen chen ㄔㄣ陳 cheng ch'e^ng cheng cheng ㄔㄥ成 chi ch'ih chi chi ㄔ吃 chong ch'ung chung chung ㄔㄨㄥ虫 chou ch'ou chou chou ㄔㄡ抽 chu ch'u chu chu ㄔㄨ出 chua ch'ua chwa chua ㄔㄨㄚ欻 chuai ch'uai chwai chuai ㄔㄨㄞ揣 chuan ch'uan chwan chuan ㄔㄨㄢ川 chuang ch'uang chwang chuang ㄔㄨㄤ床 chui ch'ui chwei chuei ㄔㄨㄟ吹 chun ch'un chwen chuen ㄔㄨㄣ春 chuo ch'o chwo chuo ㄔㄨㄛ戳 Pinyin Wade Yale GuoinII GwoyeuRomatzyh1,2,3,4 Bopomofo da ta da da ㄉㄚ大 dai tai dai dai ㄉㄞ呆 dan tan dan dan ㄉㄢ丹 dang tang dang dang ㄉㄤ當 dao tao dau dau ㄉㄠ刀 de te^ de de ㄉㄜ德 dei tei dei dei ㄉㄟ得 deng te^ng deng deng ㄉㄥ登 di ti di di ㄉ一地 dian tien dyan dian ㄉ一ㄢ典 diao tiao dyau diau ㄉ一ㄠ掉 die tieh dye die ㄉ一ㄝ蝶 ding ting ding ding ㄉ一ㄥ丁 diu tiu dyou diou ㄉ一ㄡ丟 dong tung dung dung ㄉㄨㄥ冬 dou tou dou dou ㄉㄡ斗 du tu du du ㄉㄨ毒 duan tuan dwan duan ㄉㄨㄢ短 dui tui dwei duei ㄉㄨㄟ堆 dun tun dwen duen ㄉㄨㄣ敦 duo to dwo duo ㄉㄨㄛ多 Pinyin Wade Yale GuoinII GwoyeuRomatzyh1,2,3,4 Bopomofo e e^ e e ㄜ餓 e^ eh ei e^i ei ei ㄟ en e^n en en ㄣ恩 eng e^ng eng eng ㄥ鞥 er e^rh er erh ㄦ耳 Pinyin Wade Yale GuoinII GwoyeuRomatzyh1,2,3,4 Bopomofo fa fa fa fa ㄈㄚ法 fan fan fan fan ㄈㄢ凡 fang fang fang fang ㄈㄤ方 fei fei fei fei ㄈㄟ非 fen fe^n fen fen ㄈㄣ分 feng fe^ng feng feng ㄈㄥ風 fo fo fwo fo ㄈㄛ佛 fou fou fou fou ㄈㄡ否 fu fu fu fu ㄈㄨ夫 Pinyin Wade Yale GuoinII GwoyeuRomatzyh1,2,3,4 Bopomofo ga ka ga ga ㄍㄚ尬 gai kai gai gai ㄍㄞ改 gan kan gan gan ㄍㄢ甘 gang kang gang gang ㄍㄤ岡 gao kao gau gau ㄍㄠ告 ge ke^,ko ke ge ㄍㄜ哥 gei kei kei gei ㄍㄟ給 gen ke^n ken gen ㄍㄣ根 geng ke^ng keng geng ㄍㄥ更 gong kung gung gung ㄍㄨㄥ工 gou kou gou gou ㄍㄡ狗 gu ku gu gu ㄍㄨ骨 gua kua gwa gua ㄍㄨㄚ瓜 guai kuai gwai guai ㄍㄨㄞ乖 guan kuan gwan guan ㄍㄨㄢ官 guang kuang gwang guang ㄍㄨㄤ光 gui kui gwei guei ㄍㄨㄟ貴 gun kun gwen guen ㄍㄨㄣ滾 guo kuo gwo guo ㄍㄨㄛ過 Pinyin Wade Yale GuoinII GwoyeuRomatzyh1,2,3,4 Bopomofo ha ha ha ha ㄏㄚ哈 hai hai hai hai ㄏㄞ海 han han han han ㄏㄢ汗 hang hang hang hang ㄏㄤ杭 hao hao hau hau ㄏㄠ好 he he^ he he ㄏㄜ河 hei hei hei hei ㄏㄟ黑 hen he^n hen hen ㄏㄣ很 heng he^ng heng heng ㄏㄥ橫 hong hung hung hung ㄏㄨㄥ弘 hou hou hou hou ㄏㄡ喉 hu hu hu hu ㄏㄨ忽 hua hua hwa hua ㄏㄨㄚ花 huai huai hwai huai ㄏㄨㄞ壞 huan huan hwan huan ㄏㄨㄢ歡 huang huang hwang huang ㄏㄨㄤ荒 hui hui hwei huei ㄏㄨㄟ灰 hun hun hwen huen ㄏㄨㄣ昏 huo huo hwo huo ㄏㄨㄛ火 Pinyin Wade Yale GuoinII GwoyeuRomatzyh1,2,3,4 Bopomofo ji chi ji ji ㄐ一及 jia chia jya jia ㄐ一ㄚ加 jian chien jyan jian ㄐ一ㄢ尖 jiang chiang jyang jiang ㄐ一ㄤ江 jiao chiao jyau jiau ㄐ一ㄠ交 jie chieh jye jie ㄐ一ㄝ介 jin chin jin jin ㄐ一ㄣ今 jing ching jing jing ㄐ一ㄥ井 jiong chiung jyung jiung ㄐㄩㄥ窘 jiu chiu jyou jiou ㄐ一ㄡ久 ju chu: jyu jiu ㄐㄩ居 juan chu:an jywan jiuan ㄐㄩㄢ捐 jue chu:eh jywe jiue ㄐㄩㄝ倔 jun chu:n jyun jiun ㄐㄩㄣ君 Pinyin Wade Yale GuoinII GwoyeuRomatzyh1,2,3,4 Bopomofo ka k'a ka ka ㄎㄚ卡 kai k'ai kai kai ㄎㄞ開 kan k'an kan kan ㄎㄢ看 kang k'ang kang kang ㄎㄤ康 kao k'ao kau kau ㄎㄠ考 ke k'e^ ke ke ㄎㄜ可 ken k'e^n ken ken ㄎㄣ肯 keng k'e^ng keng keng ㄎㄥ吭 kong k'ung kung kung ㄎㄨㄥ空 kou k'ou kou kou ㄎㄡ口 ku k'u ku ku ㄎㄨ苦 kua k'ua kwa kua ㄎㄨㄚ誇 kuai k'uai kwai kuai ㄎㄨㄞ快 kuan k'uan kwan kuan ㄎㄨㄢ寬 kuang k'uang kwang kuang ㄎㄨㄤ狂 kui k'uei kwei kuei ㄎㄨㄟ窺 kun k'un kwen kuen ㄎㄨㄣ困 kuo k'uo kwo kuo ㄎㄨㄛ括 Pinyin Wade Yale GuoinII GwoyeuRomatzyh1,2,3,4 Bopomofo la la la la ㄌㄚ拉 lai lai lai lai ㄌㄞ來 lan lan lan lan ㄌㄢ懶 lang lang lang lang ㄌㄤ浪 lao lao lau lau ㄌㄠ老 le le^ le le ㄌㄜ肋 lei lei lei lei ㄌㄟ雷 leng le^ng leng leng ㄌㄥ冷 li li li li ㄌ一力 lia lia lya lia ㄌ一ㄚ倆 lian lien lyan lian ㄌ一ㄢ連 liang liang lyang liang ㄌ一ㄤ亮 liao liao lyau liau ㄌ一ㄠ料 lie lieh lye lie ㄌ一ㄝ列 lin lin lin lin ㄌ一ㄣ林 ling ling ling ling ㄌ一ㄥ陵 liu liu lyou liou ㄌ一ㄡ六 long lung lung lung ㄌㄨㄥ隆 lou lou lou lou ㄌㄡ樓 lu lu lu lu ㄌㄨ陸 luan luan lwan luan ㄌㄨㄢ亂 lue lu:eh lyue liue ㄌㄩㄝ略 lun lun lwen luen ㄌㄨㄣ倫 luo lo lwo luo ㄌㄨㄛ羅 lu:,lv lu: lyu liu ㄌㄩ呂 lu:an lu:an lywan liuan ㄌㄩㄢ孿 lu:n lu:n lyun liuen ㄌㄩㄣ淋 Pinyin Wade Yale GuoinII GwoyeuRomatzyh1,2,3,4 Bopomofo ma ma ma ma ㄇㄚ馬 mai mai mai mai ㄇㄞ買 man man man man ㄇㄢ曼 mang mang mang mang ㄇㄤ忙 mao mao mau mau ㄇㄠ毛 me me^ me mei mei mei mei ㄇㄟ每 men me^n men men ㄇㄣ門 meng me^ng meng meng ㄇㄥ孟 mi mi mi mi ㄇ一米 miao mieo myau miau ㄇ一ㄠ妙 mian mien myan mian ㄇ一ㄢ面 mie mieh mye mie ㄇ一ㄝ滅 min min min min ㄇ一ㄣ民 ming ming ming ming ㄇ一ㄥ名 miu miu myou miou ㄇ一ㄡ謬 mo mo mwo mo ㄇㄛ摸 mou mo mou mou ㄇㄡ某 mu mu mu mu ㄇㄨ木 Pinyin Wade Yale GuoinII GwoyeuRomatzyh1,2,3,4 Bopomofo na na na na ㄋㄚ拿 nai nai nai nai ㄋㄞ乃 nan nan nan nan ㄋㄢ男 nang nang nang nang ㄋㄤ囊 nao nao nau nau ㄋㄠ鬧 ne ne^ ne ne ㄋㄜ呢 nei nei nei nei ㄋㄟ內 nen ne^n nen neng ne^ng neng neng ㄋㄥ能 ni ni ni ni ㄋ一尼 nian nien nyan nian ㄋ一ㄢ年 niang niang nyang niang ㄋ一ㄤ娘 niao nieo nyau niau ㄋ一ㄠ鳥 nie nieh nye nie ㄋ一ㄝ捏 nin nin nin nin ㄋ一ㄣ您 ning ning ning ning ㄋ一ㄥ寧 niu niu nyou niou ㄋ一ㄡ牛 nong nung nung nung ㄋㄨㄥ農 nou no nou nou ㄋㄡ耨 nu nu nu nu ㄋㄨ努 nuan nuan nwan nuan ㄋㄨㄢ暖 nue nu:eh nywe niue ㄋㄩㄝ虐 nuo no nwo nuo ㄋㄨㄛ挪 nu:,nv nu: nyu niu ㄋㄩ女 Pinyin Wade Yale GuoinII GwoyeuRomatzyh1,2,3,4 Bopomofo ou ou ou ou ㄡ偶 Pinyin Wade Yale GuoinII GwoyeuRomatzyh1,2,3,4 Bopomofo pa p'a pa pa ㄆㄚ怕 pai p'ai pai pai ㄆㄞ拍 pan p'an pan pan ㄆㄢ潘 pang p'ang pang pang ㄆㄤ旁 pao p'ao pau pau ㄆㄠ泡 pei p'ei pei pei ㄆㄟ培 pen p'e^n pen pen ㄆㄣ盆 peng p'e^ng peng peng ㄆㄥ朋 pi p'i pi pi ㄆ一皮 pian p'ien pyan pian ㄆ一ㄢ片 piao p'iao pyau piau ㄆ一ㄠ漂 pie p'ieh pye pie ㄆ一ㄝ撇 pin p'in pin pin ㄆ一ㄣ品 ping p'ing ping ping ㄆ一ㄥ平 po p'o pwo po ㄆㄛ坡 pou p'ou pou pou ㄆㄡ剖 pu p'u pu pu ㄆㄨ菩 Pinyin Wade Yale GuoinII GwoyeuRomatzyh1,2,3,4 Bopomofo qi ch'i chi chi ㄑ一七 qia ch'ia chya chia ㄑ一ㄚ恰 qian ch'ien chyan chian ㄑ一ㄢ千 qiang ch'iang chyang chiang ㄑ一ㄤ搶 qiao ch'iao chyau chiau ㄑ一ㄠ巧 qie ch'ieh chye chie ㄑ一ㄝ切 qin ch'in chin chin ㄑ一ㄣ侵 qing ch'ing ching ching ㄑ一ㄥ青 qiong ch'iung chyoung chiung ㄑㄩㄥ窮 qiu ch'iu chyou chiou ㄑ一ㄡ丘 qu ch'u: chyu chiu ㄑㄩ屈 quan ch'u:an chywan chiuan ㄑㄩㄢ全 que ch'u:eh chywe chiue ㄑㄩㄝ缺 qun ch'u:n chyun chiun ㄑㄩㄣ群 Pinyin Wade Yale GuoinII GwoyeuRomatzyh1,2,3,4 Bopomofo ran jan ran ran ㄖㄢ然 rang jang rang rang ㄖㄤ讓 rao jao rau rau ㄖㄠ繞 re je^ re re ㄖㄜ熱 ren je^n ren ren ㄖㄣ人 reng je^ng reng reng ㄖㄥ仍 ri jih ri r ㄖ日 rong jung rung rung ㄖㄨㄥ容 rou jou rou rou ㄖㄡ容 ru ju ru ru ㄖㄨ如 ruan juan rwan ruan ㄖㄨㄢ軟 rui jui rwei ruei ㄖㄨㄟ瑞 run jun rwen ruen ㄖㄨㄣ潤 ruo jo rwo ruo ㄖㄨㄛ弱 Pinyin Wade Yale GuoinII GwoyeuRomatzyh1,2,3,4 Bopomofo sa sa sa sa ㄙㄚ撒 sai sai sai sai ㄙㄞ塞 san san san san ㄙㄢ三 sang sang sang sang ㄙㄤ桑 sao sao sau sau ㄙㄠ掃 se se^ se se ㄙㄜ色 sen se^n sen sen ㄙㄣ森 seng se^ng seng seng ㄙㄥ僧 si szu,ssu sz sz ㄙ思 song sung sung sung ㄙㄨㄥ松 su su su su ㄙㄨ俗 suan suan swan suan ㄙㄨㄢ酸 sui sui swei suei ㄙㄨㄟ隨 sun sun swen suen ㄙㄨㄣ孫 suo so swo suo ㄙㄨㄛ所 Pinyin Wade Yale GuoinII GwoyeuRomatzyh1,2,3,4 Bopomofo sha sha sha sha ㄕㄚ沙 shai shai shai shai ㄕㄞ曬 shan shan shan shan ㄕㄢ山 shang shang shang shang ㄕㄤ上 shao shao shau shau ㄕㄠ少 she she^ she she ㄕㄜ什 shei shei shei shei ㄕㄟ誰 shen she^n shen shen ㄕㄣ申 sheng she^ng sheng sheng ㄕㄥ升 shi shih shr shi ㄕ十 shong shung shung shou shou shou shou ㄕㄡ手 shu shu shu shu ㄕㄨ書 shua shua shwa shua ㄕㄨㄚ刷 shuai shuai shwai shuai ㄕㄨㄞ衰 shuan shuan shwan shuan ㄕㄨㄢ閂 shuang shuang shwang shuang ㄕㄨㄤ雙 shui shui shwei shuei ㄕㄨㄟ水 shun shun shwen shuen ㄕㄨㄣ順 shuo shuo shwo shuo ㄕㄨㄛ說 Pinyin Wade Yale GuoinII GwoyeuRomatzyh1,2,3,4 Bopomofo ta t'a ta ta ㄊㄚ他 tai t'ai tai tai ㄊㄞ台 tan t'an tan tan ㄊㄢ貪 tang t'ang tang tang ㄊㄤ湯 tao t'ao tau tau ㄊㄠ討 te t'e^ te te ㄊㄜ特 teng t'e^ng teng teng ㄊㄥ疼 ti t'i ti ti ㄊ一梯 tian t'ien tyan tian ㄊ一ㄢ天 tiao t'iao tyau tiau ㄊ一ㄠ挑 tie t'ieh tye tie ㄊ一ㄝ貼 ting t'ing ting ting ㄊ一ㄥ廷 tong t'ung tung tong ㄊㄨㄥ同 tou t'ou tou tou ㄊㄡ投 tu t'u tu tu ㄊㄨ土 tuan t'uan twan tuan ㄊㄨㄢ團 tui t'ui twei tuei ㄊㄨㄟ推 tun t'un twen tuen ㄊㄨㄣ吞 tuo t'o two tuo ㄊㄨㄛ托 Pinyin Wade Yale GuoinII GwoyeuRomatzyh1,2,3,4 Bopomofo wa wa wa wa ㄨㄚ娃 wai wai wai wai ㄨㄞ外 wan wan wan wan ㄨㄢ完 wang wang wang wang ㄨㄤ王 wei we^i wei wei ㄨㄟ未 wen we^n wen wen ㄨㄣ文 weng we^ng weng weng ㄨㄥ翁 wo wo wo wo ㄨㄛ我 wu wu wu wu ㄨ五 Pinyin Wade Yale GuoinII GwoyeuRomatzyh1,2,3,4 Bopomofo xi hsi si shi ㄒ一西 xia hsia sya shia ㄒ一ㄚ下 xian hsien syan shian ㄒ一ㄢ仙 xiang hsiang syang shiang ㄒ一ㄤ香 xiao hsiao syau shiau ㄒ一ㄠ小 xie hsieh sye shie ㄒ一ㄝ邪 xin hsin sin shin ㄒ一ㄣ心 xing hsing sing shing ㄒ一ㄥ星 xiong hsiung syung shiung ㄒㄩㄥ兄 xiu hsiu syou shiou ㄒ一ㄡ休 xu hsu: syu shiu ㄒㄩ徐 xuan hsu:an sywan shiuan ㄒㄩㄢ玄 xue hsu:eh sywe shiue ㄒㄩㄝ穴 xun hsu:n syun shiun ㄒㄩㄣ旬 Pinyin Wade Yale GuoinII GwoyeuRomatzyh1,2,3,4 Bopomofo ya ya ya ya 一ㄚ牙 yai yai yai yai 一ㄞ崖 yan yan yan yan 一ㄢ言 yang yang yang yang 一ㄤ央 yao yao yau yau 一ㄠ夭 ye yeh ye ye 一ㄝ也 yi i,yi yi yi 一一 yin yin yin yin 一ㄣ因 ying ying ying ying 一ㄥ英 yo ? ? yo ㄧㄛ唷 yong yung yung yung ㄩㄥ永 you yu you you 一ㄡ又 yu yu: yu yu ㄩ于 yuan yu:an ywan yuan ㄩㄢ元 yue yu:eh ywe yue ㄩㄝ月 yun yu:n yun yuen ㄩㄣ云 Pinyin Wade Yale GuoinII GwoyeuRomatzyh1,2,3,4 Bopomofo za tsa dza tza ㄗㄚ紮 zai tsai dzai tzai ㄗㄞ災 zan tsan dzan tzan ㄗㄢ贊 zang tsang dzang tzang ㄗㄤ葬 zao tsao dzau tzau ㄗㄠ早 ze tse^ dze tze ㄗㄜ怎 zei tsei dzei tzei ㄗㄟ賊 zen tse^n dzen tzen ㄗㄣ怎 zeng tse^ng dzeng tzeng ㄗㄥ增 zi tz𥝲 dz tz ㄗ子 zong tsung dzung tzung ㄗㄨㄥ宗 zou tsou dzou tzou ㄗㄡ走 zu tsu dzu tzu ㄗㄨ足 zuan tsuan dzwan tzuan ㄗㄨㄢ鑽 zui tsui dzwei tzuei ㄗㄨㄟ罪 zun tsun dzwen tzuen ㄗㄨㄣ尊 zuo tso dzwo tzuo ㄗㄨㄛ左 Pinyin Wade Yale GuoinII GwoyeuRomatzyh1,2,3,4 Bopomofo zha cha ja ja ㄓㄚ炸 zhai chai jai jai ㄓㄞ摘 zhan chan jan jan ㄓㄢ占 zhang chang jang jang ㄓㄤ張 zhao chao jau jau ㄓㄠ召 zhe che^ je je ㄓㄜ折 zhen che^n jen jen ㄓㄣ珍 zheng che^ng jeng jeng ㄓㄥ正 zhi chih jr jr ㄓ只 zhong chung jung jung ㄓㄨㄥ中 zhou chou jou jou ㄓㄡ舟 zhu chu ju ju ㄓㄨ主 zhua chua jwa jua ㄓㄨㄚ抓 zhuai chuai jwai juai ㄓㄨㄞ跩 zhuan chuan jwan juan ㄓㄨㄢ專 zhuang chuang jwang juang ㄓㄨㄤ莊 zhui chui jwei juei ㄓㄨㄟ追 zhun chun jwen juen ㄓㄨㄣ準 zhuo cho jwo juo ㄓㄨㄛ捉 Pinyin Wade Yale GuoinII GwoyeuRomatzyh1,2,3,4 Bopomofo -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 一﹑ 基本規則聲母 (CONSONANT) Pinyin b p m f d t n l g k h Wade p p' m f t t' n l k k' h Yale b p m f d t n l g k h GuoinII b p m f d t n l g k h GwoyeuRomatzyh b p m f d t n l g k h Bopomofo ㄅㄆㄇㄈㄉㄊㄋㄌㄍㄎㄏ玻坡摸佛得特訥勒哥科喝 Pinyin ji qi xi zh ch sh r z c s Wade chi ch'i hsi ch ch' sh j ts ts' s Yale ji chi si j ch sh r dz ts s GuoinII ji chi shi j ch sh r tz ts s GwoyeuRomatzyh ji chi shi j ch sh r tz ts s Bopomofo ㄐㄑㄒㄓㄔㄕㄖㄗㄘㄙ基欺希知蚩詩日資雌思韻母 (VOWEL) Pinyin a o e e ai ei ao ou an en ang eng er Wade a o e eh ai ei ao ou an en ang eng erh Yale a o e e ai ei ao ou an en ang eng erh GuoinII a o e e ai ei au ou an en ang eng er GwoyeuRomatzyh1 a o e ie ai ei au ou an en ang eng el +2 ar or er ye air eir aur our arn ern arng erng erl +3 aa oo ee ie ae eei ao oou aan een aang eeng eel +4 ah oh eh ieh ay ey aw ow ann enn anq enq ell Bopomofo ㄚㄛㄜㄝㄞㄟㄠㄡㄢㄣㄤㄥㄦ啊喔鵝 (耶) 哀紏熬歐安恩昂 (亨) 兒 Pinyin C+ i ia io ie iao iu ian in iang ing + yi ya yo ye yao you yan yin yang ying Wade i ia io ieh iao iu ian in iang ing Yale i ya io ye iau you ian in iang ing GuoinII i ia io ie iau iou ian in iang ing GwoyeuRomatzyh1 i ia io ie iau iou ian in iang ing +2 yi ya yo ye yau you yan yn yang yng +3 ii ea ioo iee eau eou ean iin eang iing +4 ih iah ioh ieh iaw iow iann inn ianq inq Bopomofo ㄧㄧㄚㄧㄛㄧㄝㄧㄠㄧㄡㄧㄢㄧㄣㄧㄤㄧㄥ衣呀唷耶腰憂煙因央英 Pinyin C+ u ua uo uai ui uan un uang ong + wu wa wo wai wei wan wen wang wong Wade u ua o uai ui uan un uang ung Yale u wa wo wai wei wan wen wang ung GuoinII u ua uo uai uei uan uen uang ung GwoyeuRomatzyh1 u ua uo uai uei uan uen uang ong +2 wu wa wo wai wei wan wen wang orng +3 uu oa uoo oai oei oan oen oang oong +4 uh uah uoh uay uey uann uenn uanq onq Bopomofo ㄨㄨㄚㄨㄛㄨㄞㄨㄟㄨㄢㄨㄣㄨㄤㄨㄥ屋蛙窩歪威彎溫汪翁 Pinyin C+ u ue uan un iong + yu yue yuan yun yong Z+ nv lv Wade u: u:eh u:an u:n iung nu: lu: Yale yu ywe ywan yun yung niu liu GuoinII iu iue iuan iun iung niu liu GwoyeuRomatzyh1 iu iue iuan iun iong nhiu lhiu +2 yu yue yuan yun yong niu liu +3 eu eue euan eun eong neu leu +4 iuh iueh iuann iunn ionq niuh liuh Bopomofo ㄩㄩㄝㄩㄢㄩㄣㄩㄥㄋㄩㄌㄩ迂約冤暈雍女律 C+ -> 前面帶有聲母的時候, + -> 前面沒有聲母的時候, Z+ -> 中央法的特例 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- Note: There are 1302 sounds (inclusive of the 5 tones) in use in Mandarin. 1. Pinyin System was adopted by Chinese Communists in 1958. It is currently the most popular system used in the world. 2. Wade-Giles System was initiated by Sir Thomas Wade in 1859, and later formulated by Herbert Giles. It is still in use in Taiwan, and in partial America. In writing, ":", "'", or ":" in u:, p', t', k' ch', ts', or e^ are sometimes omitted. Refer [2],[6],[9]. 3. Yale System was developed in Yale University. It is mostly used in the Chinese learning courses for foreigners. It features easy pronunciation by native English speakers. Refer [2], [4]. 4. Guoin II System was promulgated by Taiwan Ministry of Education on Jan 28, 1986. It is less used even in Taiwan. 5. Gwoyeu Romatzyh (GR) System was initiated by Yutang Lin, and later formulated by Yenren Chao. It was promulgated by Nationalist Government in 1928. It is less used in Taiwan, and only appears in Chinese dictionaries. It features the tonal spelling. Tone #1, #2, #3, #4 and the neutral tone are marked in variant forms as shown in the above listing (neutral tone omitted due to space reason). Therefore, no extra tonal number is needed in writing. Refer [1],[3]. 6. Bopomofo (or Zhuyin Fuhao) System was promulgated by Nationalist Government on Nov 23, 1918. It is still in use in Taiwan. 7. Chinese Post Office System was used in spelling city names like Peking. But no information about it is available yet. It is less used in Taiwan, but can still be found in some city or street names. Refer [5]. Reference (online available): [1] Anonymous, "Comparative Table of Pinyin and Gwoyeu Romatzyh", 1993. ftp://ftp.ifcss.org/pub/software/data/GwoyeuRomatzyh [2] Aspinwall, D., "Word Mapping Table for Pinyin, Wade-Giles and Yale", 1994. http://www.m.isar.de/~denner/neijia/romanisation/mapping.html [3] Branner, D.P., "A Guide to Gwoyeu Romatzyh Tonal Spelling of Chinese", 1995. http://weber.u.washington.edu/~yuenren/Romatzyh.html [4] Hammond, M., Johnson, A., "One Thousand Word List -- An Intermediate Chinese Dictionary", 1995. http://www.et.byu.edu/~hammondm/Taiwan/1000Word/1000words.html [5] Lin, P.H., "The Official alt.taiwan.republic FAQ", 1994. http://www.utexas.edu/students/tsa/faq_atr.html [6] Mahdi, W., "Concordance of Chinese Transcription Systems", 1995. http://paradox.rz-berlin.mpg.de/LingStuff/SinoLog/SinTrans_P.html [7] Shann, W.C., "Comparative Table of Pinyin and Zhuyin Fuhao", 1993. gopher://dongpo.math.ncu.edu.tw/00/chinese/ZYvsPY [8] Shann, W.C., "Table of 1302 different pronunciations for mandarin (sorted by Zhuyin)", 1993. http://www.math.ncu.edu.tw/~shann/big5/ZYlst.txt [9] Xu, Zhishan, "Conversion -- Pinyin to Wade-Giles", 1992. http://web.mit.edu/afs/athena.mit.edu/user/z/x/zxu/www/cjk/pinwj.htm Revision List: 1997.7.4. Pinyin/WadeGiles/Yale/GuoinII/GwoyeuRomatzyh/Bopomofo ready 2000.4.6. Added Miao and Zhan due to Laurie Gerber ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- Any correction or suggestions are welcome to Seke Wei at seke@mis.ksit.edu.tw ----------------------------------------------------------------------------